对于每一个路由器来说,都有一个控制台接口(Console),治理员可以通过RS-232 线缆把控制口和一个终端的主口连接起来,通过这个终端对路由器进行配置. 终端通讯参数设置为: 速度: 9600bps 起始位: 1位 数据位: 8位 停止位: 1或2位 校验: 无 待终端通讯参数设置完毕后,接好路由器控制台,请先打开终端电源,后开路由器电 源,之后就进入初始配置了.屏幕出现(以Cisco 2501为例): System Bootstrap, Version 5.2(5), RELEASE SOFTWARE Copyright (c) 1986-1994 by cisco Systems 2500 processor with 2048 Kbytes of main memory 大约停顿1-2分钟,系统调入boot,请耐心等待 F3: 3996764 54172 225404 at 0x3000060 Restricted Rights Legend Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph (c) of the Commercial Computer Software - Restricted Rights clause at FAR sec. 52.227-19 and subparagraph (c) (1) (ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS sec. 252.227-7013. cisco Systems, Inc. 170 West Tasman Drive San Jose, California 95134-1706 Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software IOS (tm) 2500 Software (C2500-I-L), Version 11.2(1), MAJOR RELEASE SOF TWARE (fc1) Copyright (c) 1986-1996 by cisco Systems, Inc. Compiled Mon 30-Sep-96 12:07 by ajchopra Image text-base: 0x030215A4, data-base: 0x00001000 cisco 2500 (68030) processor (revision D) with 2048K/2048K bytes of me mory. Processor board ID 02327592, with hardware revision 00000000 Bridging software. X.25 software, Version 2.0, NET2, BFE and GOSIP compliant. 1 Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s) 2 Serial network interface(s) 32K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory. 8192K bytes of processor board System flash (Read ONLY) Notice: NVRAM invalid, possibly due to write erase. --- System Configuration Dialog --- At any point you may enter a question mark '?' for help. Use ctrl-c to abort configuration dialog at any prompt. Default settings are in square brackets '[]'. Would you like to enter the initial configuration dialog? [yes]:Return 你是否要进入初始化配置?默认"是". First, would you like to see the current interface summary? [yes]:Retu rn 首先,你是否想看一下当前端口的状态?默认"是". Any interface listed with OK? value "NO" does not have a valid configu ration 下面会列出当前路由器所具有的硬件配置(包括局域网口和广域网口,以及个端口 当前状态等等.) Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protoc ol Ethernet0 unassigned NO unset up down Serial0 unassigned NO unset down down Serial1 unassigned NO unset down down Configuring global parameters: Enter host name [Router]: JSRouter 设置系统名,如JSRouter. The enable secret is a one-way cryptographic secret used instead of the enable password when it exists. Enter enable secret: cisco 设置进入priviledged EXEC 的密码 The enable password is used when there is no enable secret and when using older software and some boot images. Enter enable password: cisco1 (1) Enter virtual terminal password: cisco 设置进入虚拟终端登录到路由器的口令,即远程登录(telnet)的口令 Configure SNMP Network Management? [yes]:Return 是否设置简单网管协议? Community string [public]:Return Configure IP? [yes]:Return 是否设置IP协议? Configure IGRP routing? [yes]:Return (2) 是否设置IGRP 路由协议? Your IGRP autonomous system number [1]:Return (3) 你的IGRP 路由协议自治系统号(AS),默认为1. Configuring interface parameters: 下面配置端口参数 Configuring interface Ethernet0:Return Is this interface in use? [yes]:Return Configure IP on this interface? [yes]:Return IP address for this interface: 1.1.1.1 Number of bits in subnet field [0]:Return (4) Class A network is 1.0.0.0, 0 subnet bits; mask is /8 以上是配置以太口0,假设IP地址是1.1.1.1,掩码是255.0.0.0. Configuring interface Serial0:Return Is this interface in use? [yes]:Return Configure IP on this interface? [yes]:Return Configure IP unnumbered on this interface? [no]:Return IP address for this interface: 2.1.1.1 Number of bits in subnet field [0]:Return Class A network is 2.0.0.0, 0 subnet bits; mask is /8 以上是配置串口0,假设IP地址是2.1.1.1,掩码是255.0.0.0. Configuring interface Serial1:Return Is this interface in use? [yes]: no 以上是当不需要用串口1时,请敲入no. The following configuration command script was created: hostname JSRouter enable secret 5 $1$Bv.r$j/Zm2B6jw9UTQPxLGZjAz. enable password cisco1 line vty 0 4 password cisco snmp-server community public ! ip routing ! interface Ethernet0 ip address 1.1.1.1 255.0.0.0 ! interface Serial0 ip address 2.1.1.1 255.0.0.0 ! interface Serial1 shutdown no ip address ! router igrp 1 network 1.0.0.0 network 2.0.0.0 ! end Use this configuration? [yes/no]: yes (5) 确认当前配置后,把当前配置写入NVRAM 中.这样以后开机自动把配置调入内存,不 需要重新配置了. Building configuration... Use the enabled mode 'configure' command to modify this configuration. Press RETURN to get started! %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Ethernet0, changed sta te to down %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0, changed state to down %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial1, changed state to down %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Ethernet0, changed state to up %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0, changed state to down %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial1, changed state to down %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial1, changed state to administratively down %SYS-5-RESTART: System restarted -- Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software IOS (tm) 2500 Software (C2500-I-L), Version 11.2(1), MAJOR RELEASE SOF TWARE (fc1 ) Copyright (c) 1986-1996 by cisco Systems, Inc. Compiled Mon 30-Sep-96 12:07 by ajchopra JSRouter>en Password
敲入密码,不反显的) JSRouter# 备注: Enter enable password:-----这个口令是对于IOS 10.2以下版本适用,在IOS 10.3以上版本均使用secret,不再用password.在配置文件中, secret是加密显示的. 现在我们通常都在IOS 10.3 版本以上,故无需password这个口令. 另外,password和secret不能相同. 在初始配置中,默认的路由协议是IGRP,若敲入yes,则生成IGRP路由协议.假如不想使用IGRP协议,则打No,在配置模式下(conf t)选择路由协议. 自治系统 (autonomous system)-----它是一个域的概念.路由协议在一个 自制系统中可以交换路由信息,而在两个自制系统之间是不能直接传递路由信息的,必须通过类似网际路由协议才能互相通讯.这样就大大地缩小了路由表,减少它占用的带宽量,使网络具有扩展性. Number of bits in subnet field [0]-----掩码子网的位数.举例说明: 掩码为255.0.0.0的掩码子网位数是0,掩码共8位掩码为255.255.0.0的掩码子网位数8,掩码共16位掩码为255.255.255.0的掩码子网位数16,掩码共24位掩码为255.255.255.252的掩码子网位数22,掩码共30位Cisco命令系统是即时生效的,也就是说,配置完后立即执行,但若不写入NVRAM 中,关掉电源后就会丢失.你若想保留更改的配置,请敲入write命令. Windows 95/NT 下,超级终端的设置. 在 开始--->程序--->附件--->超级终端--->Hypetrm 设定名称为cisco,再选择一个图标. 请选择"直接连接到串口1" 选择波特率为9600bps. 最后把设置的保存在cisco文件里.下一次直接从超级终端cisco中启动.
